Monopotassium phosphate Stock Solution

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Stock Solution Preparation Guide – Monopotassium Phosphate (KH₂PO₄)

Monopotassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄) is a water-soluble inorganic salt commonly used in biological and biochemical laboratories as a component of phosphate buffer systems. It dissolves readily in water and forms a mildly acidic solution, and is often combined with other phosphate salts to adjust pH in buffer preparation.

Chemical Information

Preparation of 1 M KH₂PO₄ Solution

To prepare a 1 M stock solution:

1. Weigh 136.09 g of monopotassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄) (1 mol × 136.09 g/mol).
2. Place the solid into a suitable beaker or flask and add ~800 mL of deionized water. Stir until completely dissolved.
3. Transfer the solution to a 1 L graduated cylinder and add deionized water to bring the final volume to 1000 mL.
4. The resulting solution should be clear and colorless. This 1 M stock can be used directly or mixed with other phosphate stocks to prepare buffers at desired pH levels.

Notes and Precautions

• Monopotassium phosphate is hygroscopic; minimize exposure to air during weighing.
• Add the solid to part of the final water volume first, then dilute to the final volume to ensure accurate molarity.
• Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (gloves, lab coat, goggles).

Storage and Applications

• Store the prepared 1 M stock solution at room temperature or 4 °C when not in use.
• Use this solution as a phosphate component in buffer systems (e.g., PBS) by combining it with dibasic potassium phosphate stocks at desired ratios.